"Apple separately requires an entitlement and compliance with security and privacy standards for eligible HCE-based NFC apps in the European Economic Area."
Apple's documentation describes a separate host card emulation route for contactless NFC apps in the EEA, subject to eligibility, entitlement, security, and legal requirements. The source year is estimated as 2024 from its association with the introduction of iOS 17.4, demonstrating another layer of platform-specific technical governance.
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