"The modern commercial cloud wave represented by AWS arrived after Graham’s essay, with AWS launching in 2006."
AWS's undated 'Our Origins' page identifies spring 2006 as the launch of Amazon Web Services; year used as the source's historical anchor. + Cloud ideas are older than Graham, but the commercial cloud wave I mean is not - AWS says it launched in spring 2006, with S3 and then EC2 turning remotely provisioned infrastructure into a mass-market developer service.
View Source